p. 167: For genealogies and rules of giving names, I use my own research and the study by W. Bauer.

p. 168: For Emperor Wen Ti, I rely mainly upon A. F. Wright's above-mentioned article, but also upon O. Franke.

p. 169: The relevant texts concerning the T'u-chueeh are available in French (E. Chavannes) and recently also in German translation (Liu Mau-tsai, _Die chinesischen Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Ost-Turken_, Wiesbaden 1958, 2 vol.).--The Toeloes are called T'e-lo in Chinese sources; the T'u-yue-hun are called Aza in Central Asian sources (P. Pelliot, A. Minorsky, F. W. Thomas, L. Hambis, _et al._). The most important text concerning the T'u-yue-hun had been translated by Th. D. Caroll, _Account of the T'u-yue-hun in the History of the Chin Dynasty_, Berkeley 1953.

p. 171: The transcription of names on this and on the other maps could not be adjusted to the transcription of the text for technical reasons.

p. 172: It is possible that I have underestimated the role of Li Yuean. I relied here mainly upon O. Franke and upon W. Bingham's _The Founding of the T'ang Dynasty_, Baltimore 1941.

p. 173: The best comprehensive study of T'ang economy in a Western language is still E. Balazs's work. I relied, however, strongly upon Wan Kuo-ting, Yang Chung-i, Kato Shigeru, J. Gernet, T. Naba, Niida Noboru, Yoshimi Matsumoto.

p. 173-4: For the description of the administration I used my own studies and the work of R. des Rotours; for the military organization I used Kikuehi Hideo. A real study of Chinese army organization and strategy does not yet exist. The best detailed study, but for the Han period, is written by H. Maspero.

p. 174: For the first occurrence of the title _tu-tu_ we used W. Eichhorn; in the form _tutuq_ the title occurs since 646 in Central Asia (J. Hamilton).

p. 177: The name T'u-fan seems to be a transcription of Tuepoet which, in turn, became our Tibet. (J. Hamilton).--The Uigurs are the Hui-ho or Hui-hu of Chinese sources.

p. 179: On relations with Central Asia and the West see Ho Chien-min and Hsiang Ta, whose classical studies on Ch'ang-an city life have recently been strongly criticized by Chinese scholars.--Some authors (J. K. Rideout) point to the growing influence of eunuchs in this period.--The sources paint the pictures of the Empress Wu in very dark colours. A more detailed study of this period seems to be necessary.

p. 180: The best study of "family privileges" (_yin_) in general is by E. A. Kracke, _Civil Service in Early Sung China_, Cambridge, Mass. 1953.

p. 180-1: The economic importance of organized Buddhism has been studied by many authors, especially J. Gernet, Yang Lien-sheng, Ch'uean Han-sheng, K. Tamai and R. Michihata.

p. 182: The best comprehensive study on T'ang prose in English is still E. D. Edwards, _Chinese Prose Literature of the T'ang Period_, London 1937-8, 2 vol. On Li T'ai-po and Po Chue-i we have well-written books by A. Waley, _The Poetry and Career of Li Po_, London 1951 and _The Life and Times of Po Chue-i_, London 1950.--On the "free poem" (_tz'u_), which technically is not a free poem, see A. Hoffmann and Hu Shih. For the early Chinese theatre, the classical study is still Wang Kuo-wei's analysis, but there is an almost unbelievable number of studies constantly written in China and Japan, especially on the later theatre and drama.

p. 184: Conditions at the court of Hsuean Tsung and the life of Yang Kui-fei have been studied by Howard Levy and others, An Lu-shan's importance mainly by E. G. Pulleyblank, _The Background of the Rebellion of An Lu-shan_, London 1955.

p. 187: The tax reform of Yang Yen has been studied by K. Hino; the most important figures in T'ang economic history are Liu Yen (studied by Chue Ch'ing-yuean) and Lu Chih (754-805; studied by E. Balazs and others).

p. 187-8: The conditions at the time of this persecution are well described by E. O. Reischauer, _Ennin's Travels in T'ang China_, New York 1955, on the basis of his _Ennin's Diary. The Record of a Pilgrimage to China_, New York 1955. The persecution of Buddhism has been analysed in its economic character by Niida Noboru and other Japanese scholars.--Metal statues had to be delivered to the Salt and Iron Office in order to be converted into cash; iron statues were collected by local offices for the production of agricultural implements; figures in gold, silver or other rare materials were to be handed over to the Finance Office. Figures made of stone, clay or wood were not affected (Michihata).

p. 189: It seems important to note that popular movements are often not led by simple farmers or members of the lower classes. There are other salt merchants and persons of similar status known as leaders.

p. 190: For the Sha-t'o, I am relying upon my own research. Tatars are the Ta-tan of the Chinese sources. The term is here used in a narrow sense.